3d x-ray Theory of Operation

x-ray machine

Learning Objectives
When you have completed this module of training, you will be able to:
• Correctly explain the basic concepts of the 5DX X-Ray Inspection System
including the Theory of Operation.
• Correctly describe the steps in the 5DX application development process.
• Correctly describe the Laminography process and describe the anatomy of
the 5DX system.
• Correctly explain how and why a panel can be tested with x-ray.
• Correctly list and explain the safety procedures of the 5DX system.

laminography x-ray

The Inspection Process
An Overview
The Inspection Process - an Overview
• An X-ray beam passes through a printed circuit board.
- As the beam emerges from the X-ray tube, it is deflected. A series of
deflected x-rays form the circular pattern described earlier.
• Dense metals absorb more of the X-ray's energy than less dense materials.
- A large quantity of solder will appear dark gray, almost black.
- A segment of printed circuit board, without traces or ground plane will
appear light gray, almost white.
- Traces can be seen as slightly darker gray lines.
- Some device packages produce a slightly darker gray area too.
• The X-ray beam reaches the Rotary Scintillator. The Scintillator converts the
X-ray energy into a gray scale image of a solder joint.
- The "Scintillator" has a cesium iodide surface that emits light when
struck by X-rays. (Similar to the phosphors in a picture tube.)
- The X-ray beam is synchronized at 180 degrees following the Rotary
Scintillator. Thus, the beam is rotated through the device being tested.
- During test, the x-ray beam is on continuously. The image is being
collected continuously. Thus, the image is actually a composite, 360
degree view of the solder joint. This is Laminography.

Real time 3D x-ray inspection